Particle orbit simulations: ASCOT

ASCOT (Accelerated Simulation of Charged Particle Orbits in Tori) is a Monte Carlo orbit-following code developed in collaboration with VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland since 1991.

Neutral beam ion wall load distribution in Wendelstein 7-X, ASCOT simulation. Courtesy of S. Äkäslompolo (2018 Nucl. Fusion 58 082010, supplementary material)

Guiding-centre and/or full gyro orbits of test particles are solved by integrating the equation of motion over time steps in 5-dimensional phase space
Boozer coordinate system available in axisymmetric devices for maximum efficiency and accuracy inside the plasma
Cartesian coordinate system used outside the last closed flux surface, simulation region can extend to the wall
Effects of particle collisions and RF waves are modelled with Monte Carlo operators derived from the respective Fokker-Planck terms
Fully 3D magnetic field and wall geometry for tokamak and stellarator configurations
Analytic models for the effects of MHD modes
Real tokamak background data, including wall structure and scrape-off layer data, can be imported (e.g. ASDEX Upgrade, JET, DIII-D, ITER)
Optional relativistic treatment of test particles to facilitate electron studies
Optional acceleration of particle-background and particle-wave interaction time scales to save CPU time
Optional energy- and momentum-conserving binary collision model
Parallelized using the MPI (Message Passing Interface) standard

Jari Varje: (2022)
Konsta Särkimäki: (2019)
Paula Sirén: (2018)
Simppa Äkäslompolo: (2016)
Juho Miettunen: (2015)
Otto Asunta: (2015)
Antti Snicker: (2014)
Tuomas Koskela: (2014)
Eero Hirvijoki: (2014)
Antti Salmi: (2012)
Leena Aho-Mantila: (2011)
Ville Hynönen: (2008)
Timo Kiviniemi: (2001)
Seppo Sipilä: Monte Carlo Simulation of Charged Particle Orbits in the Presence of Radiofrequency Waves in Tokamak Plasmas (1997)

J. Kontula, S. Äkäslompolo, A. Ikäheimo, S. Lazerson, T. Kurki-Suonio, D. Hartmann, N. Rust, P. McNeely, Ye.O. Kazakov, J. Ongena and the W7-X team, “Predictive simulations of NBI ion power load to the ICRH antenna in Wendelstein 7-X”. .
R. Ochoukov, S. Sipilä, R. Bilato, V. Bobkov, M. Dreval, M. Weiland, R. Dendy, H. Faugel, T. Johnson, A. Kappatou, Y. Kazakov, K.G. McClements, D. Moseev, M. Salewski, P. Schneider, ASDEX Upgrade Team and EUROfusion MST1 Team, “Analysis of high frequency Alfvén eigenmodes observed in ASDEX Upgrade plasmas in the presence of RF-accelerated NBI ions”. .
P. Ollus, R. Akers, B. Colling, H. El-Haroun, D. Keeling, T. Kurki-Suonio, R. Sharma, A. Snicker, J. Varje, the MAST-U team and the EUROfusion MST1 team, “Simulating the impact of charge exchange on beam ions in MAST-U”. .
S. Sipilä, J. Varje, T. Johnson, R. Bilato, J. Galdón-Quiroga, A. Snicker, T. Kurki-Suonio, L. Sanchís, D. Silvagni, J. González-Martín, the ASDEX Upgrade Team and the EUROfusion MST1 Team, “ASCOT orbit-following simulations of ion cyclotron heating with synthetic fast ion loss diagnostic: a first application to ASDEX Upgrade”. .
J. Kontula, J.P. Koschinsky, S. Äkäslompolo, T. Kurki-Suonio and the W7-X team, “ASCOT simulations of 14 MeV neutron rates in W7-X: effect of magnetic configuration”. .
J. Varje, T. Kurki-Suonio, A. Snicker, K. Särkimäki, P. Vincenzi, P. Agostinetti, E. Fable, P. Sonato, and F. Villone, “Sensitivity of fast ion losses to magnetic perturbations in the European DEMO”. .
P. Vincenzi, J. Varje, P. Agostinetti, J.F. Artaud, T. Bolzonella, T. Kurki-Suonio, M. Mattei, P. Sonato, and M. Vallar, “Estimate of 3D power wall loads due to Neutral Beam Injection in EU DEMO ramp-up phase”. .
J. Varje, V. Kiptily, P. Sirén, H. Weisen, and JET contributors, “Synthetic diagnostic for the JET scintillator probe lost alpha measurements”. .
A. Weckmann, T. Kurki-Suonio, K. Särkimäki, J. Romazanov, A. Kirschner, A. Hakola, M. Airila, A. Kreter, and S. Brezinsek, “Physics affecting heavy impurity migration in tokamaks: Benchmarking test-ion code ASCOT against TEXTOR tracer experiment”. .
M. Schneider, A.R. Polevoi, S.H. Kim, A. Loarte, S.D. Pinches, J-F. Artaud, E. Militello-Asp, B. Beaumont, R. Bilato, D. Boilson, D.J. Campbell, P. Dumortier, D. Farina, L. Figini, Y. Gribov, M. Henderson, R.R. Khayrutdinov, A.A. Kavin, F. Köchl, T. Kurki-Suonio, A. Kuyanov, P. Lamalle, E. Lerche, V.E. Lukash, A. Messiaen, V. Parail, K. Särkimäki, A. Snicker, D. Van Eester, and the ITPA Topical Groups on Energetic Particle Physics and Integrated Operation & Scenarios, “Modelling one-third field operation in the ITER pre-fusion power operation phase”. .
T. Kurki-Suonio, K. Särkimäki, J. Varje, S. Äkäslompolo, J. Kontula, P. Ollus, M. Bécoulet, L. Chôné, Y. Liu, and P. Vincenzi, “Clearing the road for high-fidelity fast ion simulations in full three dimensions”. .
M. Salewski, M. Nocente, B. Madsen, I. Abramovic, M. Fitzgerald, G. Gorini, P.C. Hansen, W.W. Heidbrink, A.S. Jacobsen, T. Jensen, V.G. Kiptily, E.B. Klinkby, S.B. Korsholm, T. Kurki-Suonio, A.W. Larsen, F. Leipold, D. Moseev, S.K. Nielsen, S.D. Pinches, J. Rasmussen, M. Rebai, M. Schneider, A. Shevelev, S. Sipilä, M. Stejner and M. Tardocchi, “Alpha-particle velocity-space diagnostic in ITER”. .
S. Äkäslompolo, M. Drevlak, Y. Turkin, S. Bozhenkov, T. Jesche, J. Kontula, T. Kurki-Suonio, R.C. Wolf, and the W7-X Team, “Modelling of NBI ion wall loads in the W7-X stellarator”. .
Konsta Särkimäki, Jari Varje, Marina Bécoulet, Yueqiang Liu, and Taina Kurki-Suonio, “Mechanics of ELM control coil induced fast particle transport in ITER”. .
P. Sirén, J. Varje, S. Äkäslompolo, O. Asunta, C. Giroud, T. Kurki-Suonio, H. Weisen, and the JET Contributors, “Versatile fusion source integrator AFSI for fast ion and neutron studies in fusion devices”. .
J. Varje, P. Sirén, H. Weisen, T. Kurki-Suonio, S. Äkäslompolo, and JET contributors, “Synthetic NPA diagnostic for energetic particles in JET plasmas”. .
P. Sirén, J. Varje, H. Weisen, T. Koskela, and JET contributors, “Synthetic neutron camera and spectrometer in JET based on AFSI-ASCOT simulations”. .
T. Kurki-Suonio, S. Äkäslompolo, K. Särkimäki, J. Varje, O. Asunta, M. Cavinato, M. Gagliardi, E. Hirvijoki, V. Parail, G. Saibene, S. Sipilä, and A. Snicker, “Eﬀect of the European design of TBMs on ITER wall loads due to fast ions in the baseline (15MA), hybrid (12.5MA), steady-state (9MA) and half-ﬁeld (7.5MA) scenarios”. .
J. Varje, O. Asunta, M. Cavinato, M. Gagliardi, E. Hirvijoki, T. Koskela, T. Kurki-Suonio, Y. Liu, V. Parail, G. Saibene, S. Sipilä, A. Snicker, K. Särkimäki, and S. Äkäslompolo, ”Effect of plasma response on the fast ion losses due to ELM control coils in ITER”. .
S. Äkäslompolo, T. Kurki-Suonio, and S. Sipilä, “Synthetic fast ion diagnostics in tokamaks: comparing the Monte Carlo test particle code ASCOT against experiments”. .
S. Äkäslompolo, T. Kurki-Suonio, O. Asunta, M. Cavinato, M. Gagliardi, E. Hirvijoki, G. Saibene, S. Sipilä, A. Snicker, K. Särkimäki, J. Varje, “ITER fast ion confinement in the presence of the European test blanket module”. .
O. Asunta, J. Govenius, R. Budny, M. Gorelenkova, G. Tardini, T. Kurki-Suonio, A. Salmi, S. Sipilä, the ASDEX Upgrade Team and the JET EFDA Contributors, “Modelling neutral beams in fusion devices: beamlet-based model for fast particle simulations”. .
E. Hirvijoki, O. Asunta, T. Koskela, T. Kurki-Suonio, J. Miettunen, S. Sipilä, A. Snicker and S. Äkäslompolo, “ASCOT: Solving the kinetic equation of minority particle species in tokamak plasmas”. .
A. Snicker, E. Hirvijoki and T. Kurki-Suonio, “Power loads to ITER first wall structures due to fusion alphas in non-axisymmetric magnetic field including the presence of MHD modes”. .
J. Miettunen, M. Groth, T. Kurki-Suonio, H. Bergsåker, J. Likonen, S. Marsen, C. Silva, S. Äkäslompolo and JET EFDA contributors, “Predictive ASCOT modelling of ¹⁰Be transport in JET with the ITER-like wall”. .
A. Hakola, S. Koivuranta, J. Likonen, M. Groth, T. Kurki-Suonio, V. Lindholm, J. Miettunen, K. Krieger, M. Mayer, H.W. Müller, R. Neu, V. Rohde, P. Petersson and ASDEX Upgrade Team, “Global migration of ¹³C impurities in high-density L-mode plasmas in ASDEX Upgrade”. .
O. Asunta, S. Äkäslompolo, T. Kurki-Suonio, T. Koskela, S. Sipilä, A. Snicker, M. García-Muñoz and the ASDEX Upgrade team, “Simulations of fast ion wall loads in ASDEX Upgrade in the presence of magnetic perturbations due to ELM mitigation coils”. .
T. Koskela, O. Asunta, E. Hirvijoki, T. Kurki-Suonio and S. Äkäslompolo, “ITER ELM control coils: effect on fast ion losses and edge confinement properties”. .
A. Snicker, T. Kurki-Suonio and S. Sipilä, “Orbit-following fusion alpha wall load simulation for ITER scenario 4 including full orbit effects”. .
J. Miettunen, T. Kurki-Suonio, T. Makkonen, M. Groth, A. Hakola, E. Hirvijoki, K. Krieger, J. Likonen, S. Äkäslompolo and the ASDEX Upgrade Team, “The effect of non-axisymmetric wall geometry on ¹³C transport in ASDEX Upgrade”. .
T. Kurki-Suonio, O. Asunta, T. Koskela, A. Snicker, T. Hauff, F. Jenko, E. Poli and S. Sipilä, “Fast Ion power loads on ITER First Wall Structures in the Presence of NTMs and microturbulence”. .
G. Kramer, B. Budny, R. Ellis, M. Gorelenkova, W. Heidbrink, T. Kurki-Suonio, R. Nazikian, A. Salmi, M. Schaffer, K. Shinohara, J. Snipes, D. Spong, T. Koskela and M. van Zeeland, “Fast-ion effects during test blanket module simulation experiments in DIII-D”. .
K. Shinohara, T. Kurki-Suonio, D. Spong, O. Asunta, K. Tani, E. Strumberger, S. Briguglio, T. Koskela, G. Vlad, S. Günter, G. Kramer, S. Putvinski and K. Hamamatsu, “Effects of complex symmetry-breakings on alpha particle power loads on first wall structures and equilibrium in ITER”. .
A. Snicker, S. Sipilä, T. Kurki-Suonio, “Realistic Simulations of Fast-Ion Wall Distribution Including Effects Due to Finite Larmor Radius”. .

Group members

Updated: 23.1.2024
Published: 10.1.2019

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Particle orbit simulations: ASCOT

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Group members

Taina Kurki-Suonio

Seppo Sipilä

Timo Kiviniemi

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